PMC

First charge electrochemical properties of lithium thiophosphate (LPS) blended into commercial Li₂S (Li₂S-Comm) as an electrochemically “switched-on” redox mediator generator. a Cyclic voltammetry of various combination of LPS and Li₂S-Comm, inset shows the subsequent cathodic→anodic sweep cycle after the initial anodic activation sweep, and b first charge voltage profile of electrode using 10% LPS with 70% Li₂S-Comm at C/20 with c magnified view showing double peak

Principle of the sine sweep signal generator.

Generation detection experiment. For a–c generator #2, detector #5 and d–f generator #4, detector #1. The base temperature is T = 3 K. a, d I–V characteristics of generator mesas for bias sweep from negative to positive voltage. b, e Measured detector responses as a function of the detector voltage per junction. The green line in b represents detector response for a reverse bias sweep in the generator from positive to negative voltage. c, f Emission spectra: detector response vs. Josephson frequency for the falling parts of the generator I–V curves. Different colors in c represent different sweeps. Arrows indicate sweeping directions. Bars at the top indicate expected positions of primary cavity modes

Schematics for components of the tunneling electronics. (A) Ramp generator for sweeping bias voltage. (B) Manual sweep and bias supply. (C) Logarithmic amplifier.